Asphalt is one of the best surfacing materials for sidewalks, driveways, parking lots and roads. However, just like with other materials, asphalt surfaces are bound to deteriorate in a variety of ways over time. There are many reasons your asphalt can suffer from cracks. Fortunately, routine inspections and regular maintenance will help extend its life and keep the surface looking great. Knowing the different types of asphalt cracking will enable you to recognize problems early, identify them correctly and fix them effectively.
1. Fatigue cracking
Also known as “alligator cracking,” the damage is characterized by small cracks that resemble an alligator’s skin. The problem is load-related, but it can be made worse by a weak base, poor drainage and harsh weather conditions.
Fatigue cracking can quickly turn into potholes. Repairing the problem involves removing the damaged area, improving or repairing the subgrade and replacing and patching over the surface.
2. Block cracking
As the name suggests, these are large rectangular or square-shaped cracks on the surface. This type of cracking may be caused by temperature fluctuations or lack of sufficient moisture when your asphalt was originally applied.
For small cracks, thin overlays and surface treatments are used to seal the cracks. However, overlay replacement may be required in case of severe cracking.
3. Edge cracking
These are long cracks that appear near the outer edges of the surface. The cracking may be caused by poor soil, poor drainage or lack of support from the edges. Heavy vegetation along the edges can also contribute to this type of damage.
Restoring the integrity of your asphalt surface will typically involve improving drainage, removing the outgrowth at the edges and filling the cracks with crack seal.
4. Longitudinal cracking
Also known as linear cracking, the problem occurs at the joints of the surface, with the cracks running along the length of the paved surface. Common causes of longitudinal cracking are thermal stress, poorly constructed joints and shrinkage of the surface.
Small cracks can be repaired with sealant. This prevents moisture from seeping into the asphalt. Repairing larger cracks may entail the removal and replacement of the affected asphalt by a professional.
5. Transverse cracking
These cracks run perpendicular to the direction in which the asphalt surface was laid. Oftentimes, they will be the first cracks to appear as the surface ages. Transverse cracking may be caused by overuse of the surface or extremely low temperatures.
The best way to repair small transverse cracks is to treat them with crack sealants to keep out moisture. However, deep cracks have to be filled before crack sealant is applied.
6. Reflection cracking
Reflection cracks occur over underlying joints and cracks or on the surface of deteriorated asphalt. These cracks are usually an indication of a much bigger problem below the surface.
Filling the cracks with sealants and asphalt fill mixtures is a great way to manage the problem. For severe reflection cracking, you will need to remove the affected section, repair the underlying layer and replace the wear layer with an overlay.
7. Slippage cracking
These are crescent-shaped cracks that appear on your asphalt surface. The problem can occur due to a weak asphalt mix or a poor bond between the layers.
Correcting the issue to prevent the cracks from developing into potholes requires either partial or full-depth patch-up.
Is your asphalt surface cracking? A1 Professional Asphalt & Sealing can help. We offer a variety of services to help protect your asphalt, restore its appearance and ensure its longevity. Contact us today to learn more and get an estimate.